Kerala’s proactive approach to tackling antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has gained international recognition. An article titled “When Policy Makers Have Your Back: The Kerala Experience with Statewide Antimicrobial Resistance Mitigation Efforts” has been published in the Journal of the American Society for Healthcare Epidemiology (SHEA), brought out by Cambridge University Press. This is the first time the AMR policy and actions of an Indian state have been featured in a globally reputed journal.

Antimicrobial resistance occurs when pathogens become resistant to antibiotics due to their overuse or misuse. The article highlights the measures adopted by Kerala to curb this growing threat and the results achieved so far. It reflects the state’s commitment to public health and its leadership in the field of AMR mitigation.

The state government is implementing various initiatives under the Kerala Antimicrobial Resistance Strategic Action Plan (KARSAP). These include strong legal measures and practical interventions to control antibiotic misuse. One of the key steps has been enforcing that antibiotics are sold only with a valid doctor’s prescription. As a result, there has been a 20 to 30 percent reduction in antibiotic use. Additionally, it is mandated that antibiotics be dispensed only in blue envelopes to ensure easy identification and monitoring. This rule applies to all hospitals, pharmacies, and medical stores across the state.

Efforts are also underway to convert more healthcare facilities into “antibiotic smart hospitals.” Health workers have played a key role by visiting nearly five lakh households to spread awareness about responsible antibiotic use.

Kerala is the only state in India conducting AMR surveillance at both primary and secondary healthcare levels. The nPROUD initiative, launched by the State Drugs Control Department in Kozhikode for the scientific disposal of unused and expired medicines, is set to be expanded statewide. Moreover, AMR testing laboratories are now functioning in all districts.

Kerala’s consistent efforts in raising awareness and enforcing regulations have made it a model in the fight against AMR. The state aims to become antibiotic literate by the end of this year. This achievement encourages the public to adopt informed and responsible healthcare practices.